Sexual behavior since the AIDS Epidemic Research Paper

Sexual behavior since the AIDS Epidemic - Research Paper Example There is need to understand the use of contraceptive among college students. Such knowledge will help in ensuring that there is enough education to these students on the use of contraceptives. The incidence of unintended pregnancy and the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have increased since the 1980’s (Lundgaard, 2010). Many studies that have been done in the past show that there is a high rate of unintended pregnancies. It is in the US that higher incidencecs of unintended preganancies are found but now days it is a replication all over the globe. However, European teens are more likely to use contraceptives than United States teens therefore lower pregnancy rates that in U.S. (Kaye, 2009). This shows that there is no proper use of contraceptives among college students in the United States. This therefore calls for a study to what could be the cause of such behavior and attitude of contraceptives among college students in the United States. Thesis Statement Many people do not use contraceptives because of misconceptions about contraceptives, negative attitude about contraceptives, failure to recognize the risk of pregnancy, inability to communicate with their partners, disapproval by partners and worry about side effects.

A better representation of the network Essay Example for Free

A better representation of the network Essay Centralization sums up my primary reason for implementing Active Directory. The Active Directory structure makes it possible for you to achieve truly centralized management of users, regardless of how big your client’s network has become. If youve worked with Windows NT before, you know that in Windows NT a domain is a completely independent entity. While its possible to create a trust relationship between domains that exist on a common network, the domains are never truly integrated with each other because there is no higher authority that manages the domains. The situation is different with Active Directory. Whereas the domain level was the highest level of abstraction in Windows NT, the highest level of abstraction in Windows 2000 and 2003 Server is the forest, which is basically a collection of domains. Microsoft chose to call this unit a forest because you can place domains into the forest, and you can place entire trees of domains into it. A domain tree consists of a parent, child, grandchildren, and great grandchildren domains. You can have as many layers of subdomains within a domain tree as is necessary to achieve the desired organizational structure. The Active Directory domain structure is handy to have whether your client’s network is big or small. See more: Old Age Problem essay As you may recall, in Windows NT, each domain had its own Administrator account and its own Domain Admin group that was responsible for managing that domain. In Windows 2000 and 2003 Server, the domain Administrator account and the Domain Admin group still exist and can be used the same way that you were used to using them in Windows NT. There is also an Enterprise Admin group. Members of this group can manage any object within the entire Active Directory, regardless of what domain it exists within. Managing trust relationships The first time that someone tried explaining the concept of parent and child domains, forests, and trees to me, my head was spinning. All I could think about was that managing trust relationships for an organization that made use of all of these structures must be a real chore. However, managing trust relationships in Windows 2000 and 2003 Server is much easier than in Windows  NT because there are essentially no trusts to manage. Within a forest, every domain trusts every other domain automatically. The only time youd really have to worry about managing trust relationships would be if you had a relationship between domains residing within different forests. The only time that you would likely have to set up an interforest relationship would be if you needed to set up a trust relationship with a domain in another company’s network. These enhanced management capabilities make Windows 2000 and 2003 Server more scalable than Windows NT. This is especially true for larger organizations. Windows NT has a limit of about 40,000 objects within a domain. Windows 2000 Server expands this limit to over 10 million objects. I have not yet seen the object limit figures for Windows 2003 Server, but I’m sure that it’s possible to have over 10 million objects. Organizational units improve scalability Another way that Active Directory improves scalability in large organizations is through the use of organizational units (OUs). An OU is basically a collection of users and computers. The idea is that if you have a large domain, you can organize the domain into OUs. For example, suppose that your clients company used one large domain that spanned the entire corporation. Normally, this would mean that the administrative team would be responsible for managing the entire domain and all of the objects within it. Now imagine that your clients company has a really large finance department and that the finance department’s secretary is good with computers. You could create an OU named FINANCE and move all of the user accounts and computer objects for the finance department into this OU. After doing so, you could delegate the authority to reset passwords for this OU to the finance secretary. When someone in finance needed a password reset, they wouldn’t have to contact the help desk; they could just ask the secretary. This would give the department faster turnaround on password resets and free the help desk from some of the administrative burden. When you delegate authority to an OU, the person that youre delegating control to only has the permissions that you allow and only for that OU. Therefore, the secretary in finance wouldn’t be able to reset passwords for the rest of the company. The secretary also would not be able to perform any other administrative tasks within the OU, unless, of course, you delegated additional permissions. If you like the  idea of delegating authority, you’ll be happy to know that you can also delegate authority to create, delete, or manage user accounts or groups within the OU. Multimaster replication and sites Another cool benefit of an Active Directory environment is the concept of sites and multimaster replication. In Windows NT, when you make a change to the SAM, the change is applied directly to the PDC and is later replicated to each BDC. In an Active Directory multimaster replication environment, each domain controller contains a copy of Active Directory, not just the information for a single domain. Therefore, when a change is made to Active Directory, the change is applied to whatever domain controller is the closest, and is then replicated to the remaining domain controllers. This prevents a designated PDC from being overburdened. You can really see the benefits of multimaster replication when you consider how sites work. Sites are a logical Active Directory structure completely independent from domains. The idea is that if part of a domain is connected by a slow link, you may designate each side of the link as a separate site. Each site has its own domain controller. Therefore, when someone within a site needs to make an Active Directory update, the updates are applied to the domain controller within the site. The changes are collected and then replicated to the domain controller on the other side of the site link at preset intervals. This domain controller is known as a bridgehead server. It’s the bridgehead server’s job to intercept the updates and replicate them to the remaining domain controllers. Sites can be a little complicated to understand, but the basic idea is that they greatly decrease the amount of traffic that must flow across your slow or high-cost network links.

The Importance of Psychotherapy and Medication in the Treatment of Buli

The Importance of Psychotherapy and Medication in the Treatment of Bulimia Nervosa This researched argument is on the disorder of bulimia nervosa. The reason behind my writing about the topic of bulimia is because my sister suffers from it and I want to know how to help her. I also would like to be able to share the information I obtained while doing my research. I want to argue the importance of having both psychotherapy and medication in the treatment for the people afflicted with this serious health disorder. Society needs to be altered by the media and educated about the disorders of bulimia and other disorders that are associated with eating problems. Hopefully my essay will inform you about the health dangers and complications caused by bulimia. I also want to readers of my essay to be able to gain a deep understanding for how bulimic individuals are victims and how they are suffering with this disorder. Maybe, if more people are informed about bulimia nervosa, then the number of people suffering from this ailment will lessen. In recent years, an awareness of the negative impact of the media icons on society is extremely apparent in today's youth. Countless numbers of individuals, the majority being women, try to obtain the "ideal" body images viewed everywhere. However, this idealized image is not a realistic one. The terms "Barbie doll syndrome", "yo-yo dieting", "bulimia", and "anorexia" are commonly talked about. Unfortunately, the words are the labels for some serious disorders that have dangerous affects and sometimes lead to the death of many individuals. People in today ¹s society have idea that bulimia, or any other eating disorder, will not affect them. These people are totally wrong to think in such a m... ...e body they want, but then after that moment they can not control their weight and keep on losing more weight. Pictures of half-dead, overly skinny people should be shown to society for everyone to be able to view first hand what the end product of bulimia looks like. That the goal of the bulimic is to be thin and attractive, but the reality is that they become ugly and sickly looking. Is this the life anyone really wants to live? Works Cited 1. Fairburn CG, Overcoming binge eating, New York: Guilford, 1995. 2. The International Journal of Eating Disorders, May 1995 v17 n4 p323(7). 3.the international journal of eating disorders, July 1997 v22 n1 p1(13). 4. Behavior Research and Therapy, March 1996 v34 n3 p197(16), Author G. Tarence Wilson. 5. Patient care, November 15, 1995 v29 n18 p101(3). 6. The Addiction Letter, May 1995 v 11 n5 p7(1).

Sylvia Plaths Mirror Essay -- Papers Sylvia Plath Poem Poetry Essays

Sylvia Plath's Mirror Sylvia Plath's "Mirror" offers a unique perspective on the attitudes of aging. "Mirror" displays tremendous insight and objectivity into the natural human behavior of growing older. Plath is able to emphasize the loneliness, hope, despair, and insecurity that awaits us through mankind's incessant addiction with reflection. "Mirror" expresses the problems associated with aging through terse comparisons between reality and desire. Plathe's strength of "Mirror" lies in its ability to establish a solid comparison among appearance and human emotions between the first and second stanzas. At first "Mirror" introduces reflection as a precise and accurate force through utilizing the first person perspective of a mirror: "I am silver and exact. I have no preconceptions. Whatever I see I swallow immediately Just as it is, unmisted by love or dislike. I am not cruel, only truthful.." (Plathe lines 1-4) This example can then be viewed symbolically of appearance especially concerning "love or dislike". In that people never hate nor adore their features but merely accept that what they see is what defines them. This faith is reinforced by the quality and type of reflection because it is originating from a mirror which is suppose to be exact, honest, and universal for all. Plathe understanding these principles describes the reflection process by instilling this object with living characteristics such as thought, sight, and a lifestyle: "Most of the time I meditate on the opposite wall. It is pink with speckles. I have looked at it so long I think it is part of my heartà ¢? ¦Faces and darkness separate us over and over." (Pl... ... that not only destroys our reflection but also ones sense of identity, purpose, and confidence. The critical comparisons found in Sylvia Plath's "mirror" portray a distinctive attitude towards aging. Through contrasting the two separate stanzas the messages of desire, reality, individuality, fear, and insecurity are all demonstrated. Once the essence of Plathe's attitude is unlocked in "mirror" the emotion behind the writing is seen as the motivation for a tone that displays intense longing or weariness towards life. This becomes epitomized throughout Plathe's presentation as it utilizes age as a catalyst for the deterioration of the human spirit. Works Cited: Plath, Sylvia. ?Mirror.? The Language of Literature: American Literature. Eds. Arthur N. Applebee et al. Evanston: McDougal Littel, 1997. 252.

Determination of Water Hardness Essay

Introduction: In this lab a total of six titrations are to be performed. Three of them will be done using a known Ca2+ solution, (1.000 g CaCO3 /L solution) and three of them will be done using an unknown solution obtained from the stock room. The objective of this lab is to determine the hardness of water, using the data collected from each titration performed with the unknown sample. Since the hardness of water arises from the presence of metal ions, we can use disodium salt of EDTA and the indicator Eriochrome Black T to determine the concentration of M 2+ ( Mg 2+ or Ca 2+) metal ion impurities. Chemical principle or theory involved in this lab: To determine waters hardness we will use a technique called a chelometric titration. â€Å"When a neutral molecule or anion (lewis base) donates electron pairs and attaches itself to a metal ion center (a Lewis acid), the resulting cluster of atoms forms a single ion called a complex. When such complexes form the electron donating groups are called ligands. When ligands with more than one binding site form complexes with metal ions, we call this process chelation, where the ligand used is called a chelating agent. † (lab manual) In this lab the chelating agent used is Na2EDTA. Our Indictor Eriochrome Black T, is a dye, and will form a pink complex in the presence of a metal cation. As EDTA solution is added to the solution, the metal ions will complex to the EDTA solution leaving the indicator solvated. The chemical equation, with the known calcium ion solution, looks as follows: Where H2In ¯ represents the solvated indicator Erichrome Black T dye. H2In ¯ + Ca 2+ â‡Å' CaIn ¯ + 2H (blue) (pink) As EDTA is added to the solution, it grabs the Ca ions away from the Erichrome Black T dye molecules to form a more stable complex. When solvated, and alone in the solution, the Erichrome Black T dye will produce a blue color; it can be represented by the equation below: EDTA 4 ¯ + CaIn ¯ + 2H → H2In ¯ + CaEDTA 2 ¯ (pink) (blue) Procedure or Method: First prepare your disodium EDTA solution by weighing out 0.7- 0.8 grams of Na2EDTA and dissolve it in 500 mL’s of deionized water. Place in a sealed container and shake vigorously. Standardize the Na2EDTA solution using calcium ion stock solution: Add 10 mL of calcium solution to a flask, and add 30 mL’s of deionized water. Add 3 mL’s of ammonium chloride buffer under the fume hood and stir. Add 4 drops of the Eriochrome Black T indicator dye, then titrate with the disodim EDTA solution within 15 min’s. At the endpoint the color changes from pink to violet to blue within 3-5 seconds. Note the volume of Na2EDTA that was used delivered from the burret, and repeat the titration 2 more times. Obtain an unknown water stock solution from the stock room taking note of the unknown number, then titrate with the standardized disodium EDTA solution: Mix 25 mL’s of the prepared water sample with 20 mL’s of deionized water, then under the fume hood, add 3 mL’s of ammonium chloride buffer and stir. Add 4 drops of the Eriochrome Black T indicator dye, then titrate with the disodim EDTA solution within 15 minute’s Repeat the titration 2 more times, and calculate the hardness of the prepared water sample from each of the titrations. Observations and Calculations: Amount of Na2EDTA solution Amount of Na2EDTA solution   required to titrate calcium Ion solution required to titrate unknown H2O sample Trial 1 25.0 mL15.7 mL Trail 2 23.8 mL14.9 mL Trial 3 23.6 mL15.5 mL Because EDTA chelates Ca 2+ ions in a one-to-one molar ratio we can calculate the moles present of Na2EDTA using the following formula(s): Trial 1: [Na2EDTA] = 10.00 mL CaCO3 Ãâ€" 1.000 g CaCO3 Ãâ€" 1mol CaCO3 Ãâ€" 1mol Na2EDTA 25.0 mL Na2EDTA 1 L CaCO3 100.1g CaCO3 1 mol CaCO3 =.004 moles Na2EDTA Trial 2: [Na2EDTA] = 10.00 mL CaCO3 Ãâ€" 1.000 g CaCO3 Ãâ€" 1mol CaCO3 Ãâ€" 1mol Na2EDTA 23.8 mL Na2EDTA 1 L CaCO3 100.1g CaCO3 1 mol CaCO3 =.004197 moles Na2EDTA Trial 3: [Na2EDTA] = 10.00mL CaCO3 Ãâ€" 1.000 g CaCO3 Ãâ€" 1mol CaCO3 Ãâ€" 1mol Na2EDTA 23.6 mL Na2EDTA 1 L CaCO3 100.1g CaCO3 1mol CaCO3 =.004233 moles Na2EDTA Mean of all 3 trials = .004 + .004197 + .004233 / 3 = .004143 Absolute deviation: Estimated Precision(ppt): Trial 1: |[.004143] – [.004] = [1.43 x 10^-4]| .02229 X 1000 = 23.09 ppt .004143 Trial 2: |[.004143] – [.004197] = [-5.4 x 10^-5]| Trial 3: |[.004143] – [.004233] = [-9 x 10^-5]| H2O hardness Calculated: Trial 1: 15.7 mL Na2EDTA X .004143mol Na2EDTA X 1mol CaCO3 X 100.1g CaCO3 0.02500 L CaCO3 1L Na2EDTA 1mol Na2EDTA 1mol CaCO3 Trial 1 H2O hardness = 260.44 ppm Trial 2: 14.9 mL Na2EDTA X .004143mol Na2EDTA X 1mol CaCO3 X 100.1g CaCO3 0.02500 L CaCO3 1L Na2EDTA 1mol Na2EDTA 1mol CaCO3 Trial 2 H2O hardness = 247.17 ppm Trial 1: 15.5 mL Na2EDTA X .004143mol Na2EDTA X 1mol CaCO3 X 100.1g CaCO3 0.02500 L CaCO3 1L Na2EDTA 1mol Na2EDTA 1mol CaCO3 Trial 3 H2O hardness = 257.12 ppm Average H2O hardness for unknown # 127 = 254.91 ppm Conclusion: The average water hardness for unknown 127 is 254.91 ppm. City of Gilberts average water hardness in 2011 was in the range of 41- 330 ppm (http://www.3mwater.com/medi/documents/ WaterReport_GilbertAZ.pdf). This is a large range but is a range that my unknown water sample would fall within. According to Fairfax Water, a value over 180 ppm is considered â€Å"very hard†, and according to the lab manual water with more than 200 ppm is considered hard. Based on this information I would conclude that my unknown water sample has a high amount of metal ions present. References: Lab Manual City of Gilbert, â€Å"http://www.3mwater.com/medi/documents/WaterReport_GilbertAZ.pdf† FairFax Water, â€Å"http://www.fcwa.org/water/hardness.htm†

Critical Mistakes to Avoid While Writing Actuarial Science Personal Statement Essays

Critical Mistakes to Avoid While Writing Actuarial Science Personal Statement Essays Critical Mistakes to Avoid While Writing Actuarial Science Personal Statement Essay Critical Mistakes to Avoid While Writing Actuarial Science Personal Statement Essay Actuarial science is the study of appraising risk factors in the finance or insurance industry. The actuaries calculate the risk by using certain mathematical or statistical methodologies. Students who are pursuing this field have to take care of personal statement writing during taking admission in a university for an advance program such as Masters. These days, getting into a prominent university has become difficult than ever. When students apply to any university they are contending against other bright students but only few can avail the limited seats in the university, while the rest have to look for another academia. The personal statement is the only thing that helps the academia in evaluating which applicant is best suited for the program and for the university. Aside from your undergraduate grades, you can convince the admission officers of the university that you deserve a seat in the university by writing a single page but appealing actuarial science personal statement. However, there are certain critical mistakes that every applicant must avoid to solidify their chances of getting into their dream university. Critical Mistakes First of all, never think that the personal statement is an essay or an autobiography. But think it as a marketing statement which you use to market yourself or sell yourself to the university. Keep in mind that this single page statement is the only thing that can help you in distinguishing yourself from other qualified applicants. You can think of it as a product and consider yourself as a marketing agent whose job is to make the audience – the admission officers – want to buy the product, which in this case is YOU. Majority of students don’t make the most from the statement because they don’t highlight their strengths and positive qualities in it. They don’t sell their accomplishments or achievements as they think it as bragging. Remember that every big or little accomplishment which you have worked hard to achieve must be included in the statement. Many students also fail to address the weaknesses in their academic performance or record. Keep in mind that admission officers look for reasons why the applicant has inconsistencies in his/her record. If you don’t address it effectively the admission committee will assume that the applicant doesn’t care and in the end your applicant will most likely be rejected. Students tend to make mistakes while writing any manuscript. However, those grammatical or spelling mistakes can be corrected if proofread thoroughly. Remember that failure to proofread is the most critical mistake that can reject your application no matter how hard you have worked on it. Consider these critical mistakes and try to avoid them as much as possible.

Business Management Effective Decisions

Business Management Effective Decisions Characteristics of poor decisions Decisions are the driving force of an organization, the quality of decisions made leaders determine the effectiveness and success of an organization. The quality of decisions differentiates effective and ineffective leaders; effective decisions are characterized by timeliness, quality, acceptability and the responsiveness of to the prevailing situation in an organization. When decisions made in an organization are poor, the following are the main characteristics:Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Business Management: Effective Decisions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Reduced production and high rate of inefficiencies: poor decisions leads to low productivity within an organization, the decisions are not responsive to the demands of the market and the cost of production is relatively high than the normal rate. De-motivated staff/personals: when managers make poor decisions th ey hardly involve their subordinates in the decision, the staffs when they learn of the new approach to business are not willing to undertake the duties and responsibilities given thus they become de-motivated and their morale of working reduces. Unsatisfied customers: poor decision means that the customers fail to get the right quality and quantity of the products they buy from the company, when this happens there are chances that they become unsatisfied and probably move to competitor products (Mallor, Barnes, Bowers Langvardt, 2010). Three ways of Resisting Requests to Act Unethically In all professions acting ethically is advocated for, however there are chances that some one finds him or herself in a situation likely to compromise his or her integrity; in some instances there are some actions that professionals should take to uphold and keep their integrity despite the challenges, they include: Have high self Integrity and moral standings: this happens at an individual level w here someone is advised to understand he or she has a duty to act ethically regardless of the situation he or she is going through. When people respect their moral standings, then chances that they will be corrupt and entertain unethical behaviour is minimal. Understand the ethical frameworks: when in an organization, or in once career, it is always good for one to have an understanding of the ethical attributes that one is required to uphold. When someone understands the attributes, then they should act within that framework.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Act professionally: regardless of once profession, when someone is acting professionally, chances that he is going to go against ethical standards as required is low, thus if people where to uphold high levels of professionalism, then ethical behaviour can be maintained fully. Three ways you can choose to Lead Ethically To act ethically someone needs to take some deliberate moves and decisions; the following are the best approaches to acting ethically: Understanding the ethical standards of the particular profession: when someone understands the boundaries and requirements of a certain profession, then he will be able to act ethically within the frameworks of the profession Uphold self virtues: people who have good virtues and who observe them are more likely not to be corrupt with unethical behaviours; with the notion and understanding, people should work towards having high self values that they respect and uphold to. Update ones skills and knowledge on ethical behaviour: as the world integrates and develops, there is focus on certain areas in the community; the developments may lead to ethical issues if someone is not well informed. Leaders need to be well informed of the changes occurring in the world to assist them lead ethically (Cornelius, Todres, Janjuha-Jivraj, Woods Wa llace, 2008). References Cornelius, N., Todres, M., Janjuha-Jivraj, S., Woods, A. and Wallace, J. (2008). Corporate Social Responsibility and the Social Enterprise. Journal of Business Ethics, 81(2), 355-370. Mallor, J.P., Barnes, A.J., Bowers, T., Langvardt, A.W. (2010). Business Law: The ethical, global,and ecommerce environment. New York : Irwin/McGraw Hill.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Business Management: Effective Decisions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More